Type 2 diabetes usually appears in people over the
age of 40, though in South Asian people, who are at greater risk, it
often appears from the age of 25. It is also increasingly becoming more
common in children, adolescents and young people of all ethnicities.
Type 2 diabetes accounts for between 85 and 95 per cent of all people
with diabetes and is treated with a healthy diet and increased physical
activity.
In addition to this, medication and/or insulin are often required.
In Type 2 diabetes there is not enough insulin (or the insulin isn’t
working properly), so the cells are only partially unlocked and glucose
builds up in the blood.
What is insulin?
Insulin is a hormone. It works as a chemical messenger that helps
your body use the glucose in your blood to give you energy. You can
think of it as the key that unlocks the door to the body’s cells. Once
the door is unlocked glucose can enter the cells where it is used as
fuel.
Type 2 diabetes in children
The vast majority of children with diabetes have Type 1 diabetes,
but an increasing number are now developing Type 2 diabetes. You can
find out more in our children’s section. The International Society for
Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) has produced guidelines for
the management of Type 2 diabetes in children; go to www.ispad.org for further information
As well as making lifestyle changes, people with Type 1 and Type 2
diabetes often need additional treatments such as medication like
insulin to control their diabetes, blood pressure and blood fats. This
section helps to explain more about some of the more common treatments
for people with diabetes.
The information in this section is
general, so it is important that you discuss any concerns or problems
you may have with your medications and treatments with your diabetes healthcare team.
Medication is not a substitute for
following a healthy diet and taking regular physical activity – you will
still need to carry on with this.
Insulin
Insulin is a hormone made by your
pancreas, which helps you body to use the glucose in the blood. Everyone
with Type 1 diabetes and some people with Type 2 diabetes need to take
insulin to control their blood sugar levels. Injecting insulin
Insulin is injected using a syringe and
needle, or an insulin pen or needle. The needles used are very small as
the insulin only needs to be injected under the skin (subcutaneously) –
not into a muscle or vein. Once it’s been injected, it soaks into small
blood vessels and is taken into the bloodstream. As your confidence
grows and you become more relaxed, injections will get easier and soon
become second nature.
The most frequently used injection sites
are the thighs, buttocks and abdomen. You may be able to inject into
your upper arms, but check with your diabetes team first as this isn’t
always suitable. As all these areas cover a wide skin area, you should
inject at different sites within each of them. It is important to rotate
injection sites, as injecting into the same place can cause a build up
of lumps under the skin (also known as lipohypertrophy), which make it
harder for your body to absorb and use the insulin properly.
Islet transplants for Type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes results from the
destruction of insulin-producing cells in the islets of the pancreas.
Islet cell transplantation involves extracting islet cells from the
pancreas of a deceased donor and implanting them in the liver of someone
with Type 1. This minor procedure is usually done twice for each
transplant patient, and can be performed with minimal risk using a
needle under local anaesthetic.
In 2008, the UK launched the first
government-funded islet transplant programme in the world. As of March
2015, 152 islet transplants had been performed in the UK since the
launch. Islet cell transplants are now available through the NHS for
people who satisfy the criteria given below.
When are islet transplants needed?
About one third of people with Type 1
diabetes each year will experience a ‘severe’ hypo – meaning that they
need someone else to help them. Severe hypos can occur in anyone taking
insulin, but they are more likely to occur in people who have had
diabetes for more than 15 years and those who are unable to recognise
when their blood glucose is low (a problem known as hypoglycaemic
unawareness). For these people, an islet transplant can be a
life-changing, and sometimes a life-saving, therapy.
Who might be suitable for an islet transplant?
People with Type 1 diabetes who have experienced two or more severe
hypos within the last two years, and have impaired awareness of
hypoglycaemia.
People with Type 1 diabetes and a functioning kidney transplant who
experience severe hypos and impaired hypoglycaemia awareness or poor
blood glucose control despite the best medical therapy.
Who might not be suitable for an islet transplant?
People who need a lot of insulin (e.g. more than 50 units per day for a 70kg person).
People who weigh over 85kg.
People with poor kidney function.
What are the potential benefits?
Islet transplants have been shown to
reduce the risk of severe hypos. Results from UK islet transplant
patients showed that the frequency of hypos was reduced from 23 per
person per year before transplantation to less than one hypo per person
per year afterwards.
Islet transplants usually also lead to
improved awareness of hypoglycaemia, less variability in blood glucose
levels, improved average blood glucose, improved quality of life and
reduced fear of hypos. Long-term results are good and are improving all
the time. For example, the majority of transplant patients can now
expect to have a functioning transplant after six years and some people
have had more than 10 years of clinical benefit.
What risks are involved?
Islet transplants involve a small but
increased risk of certain cancers, severe infections and other side
effects related to the medication needed to prevent the islets from
being rejected by the body (which is the same medication used by people
who receive other kinds of transplants).
Islet transplants are unsuitable for
people who are desperate to stop their insulin injections. If freedom
from insulin injections is achieved, this is usually short-lived, and
most people who receive an islet transplant continue to take low-dose
insulin therapy. Therefore, islet transplants should not be seen as a
cure for diabetes.
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A stroke is a “brain attack”. It can
happen to anyone at any time. It occurs when blood flow to an area of
brain is cut off. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen
and begin to die. When brain cells die during a stroke, abilities
controlled by that area of the brain such as memory and muscle control
are lost.
How a person is affected by their stroke depends on where the stroke occurs in the brain and how much the brain is damaged.
For example, someone who had a small
stroke may only have minor problems such as temporary weakness of an arm
or leg. People who have larger strokes may be permanently paralyzed on
one side of their body or lose their ability to speak. Some people
recover completely from strokes, but more than 2/3 of survivors will
have some type of disability.
How To Take Care Of A Stroke Patient?
To take care of a stroke patient, one should know, what is Stroke. Here is a brief information:
Definition of Stroke :
A stroke is a condition where a blood clot or ruptured artery or blood vessel interrupts blood flow to an area of the brain.
Types of Stroke :
There are two types of stroke: a) Ischemic Stroke b) Hemorrhagic Stroke
Stroke Complication:
A stroke may cause temporary or permanent disabilities, i.e :
A) Swelling in the brain
B) Difficulty in talking and swallowing
C) Bladder control problems
D) Seizures
E) Depression
F) Difficulty in moving limbs
G) Memory loss
Care / Recovery of stroke patient :
1) Vitals parameters : should be monitored strictly to know the variations and to have a first line treatment plan.
2) Medicines : should be administered regularly according to the treating Doctor.
3) Therapy : Stroke
survivors can benefit enormously from different therapies though some
disabilities may be permanent. Brain injury due to stoke can change the
way patient move, feel, think or speak. The effects are greatest right
after the attack. Over time, most people will make improvements.
Stroke rehabilitation programs can help,
though it will not cure or reverse brain damage. The types of therapy
will depend on which part of the brain was damaged. The therapies are :
a) Speech Therapy
b) Physical Therapy and strength training
c) Occupational Therapy (re-learning skills required for daily living)
4) Nutrition : Patient
should be kept well nourished through intravenous or through Ryle’s
Tube, if the patient is having difficulty in swallowing, to avoid
further complications.
5) Personal Hygiene : Daily sponge bath / bathroom
bath, clothes changing , mouth care etc has to be taken care to keep
good personal hygiene. If the patient is connected to any tubes (such as
Tracheostomy, RT, Foley’s catheter), care of the same needs to be taken
to avoid infections.
6) Psychological Counseling: Counseling is also an important factor to motivate the patient.
7) Family support: Once the patient is out of danger
and in recovering stage family members should give moral support which
will boost the patient’s will power to cope-up with the treatment plan
and to fasten the recovery.
Stroke By The Numbers
Each year nearly 800,000 people experience a new or recurrent stroke.
A stroke happens every 40 seconds.
Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the U.S.
Every 4 minutes someone dies from stroke.
Up to 80 percent of strokes can be prevented.
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the U.S.
How To Prevent Stroke?
Supper Foods that Cleans your Artery
Your arteries are the rivers within your body that continually transport essential nutrients and oxygen from your heart
to the rest of your body. Ganoderma Lucidum and Spirulina are the
Supper Foods that can controls you heart activities efficiently:
DXN Ganoderma Lucidum / Reshi Mashroom(Organic)
(Clear Arteries within 4 to 6 months)
Clinical studies and experiments on humans confirms that Ganoderma Lucidum
can effectively dilate coronary artery, increase coronary vessel blood
flow, and improve circulation in cardiac muscle capillaries, thus
increase the supply of oxygen to cardiac muscle. Therefore Ganoderma Lucidum
helps to protect the heart from shortage of blood supply, and it is
ideal for both curing and preventing heart diseases. Ganoderma Lucidum
can obviously reduce the level of blood cholesterol, Lipoprotein and
Triglycerides in hypertensive patients. It prevents the formation of
arterial atheromatous patches.
It showed a significant preventive and
therapeutic action against plaque build-up in arteries. (“Plaque” is
fatty goo which is comprised of a combination of oxidized cholesterol,
calcium, and degenerated white blood cells. It is deposited on the walls
of arteries which restricts blood flow by narrowing the passage within
arteries.) it also partially improves blood circulation and inhibits
platelet aggregation. All these effects contribute to preventing various
kind of stroke.
A daily 4,500mg dose of this blue-green
algae (usually found in supplement or powder form) can help relax artery
walls and normalize blood pressure. It may also help your liver balance
your blood fat levels—decreasing your LDL cholesterol by 10 percent and
raising HDL cholesterol by 15 percent, according a recent study.
Spirulin also contain beta-carotene that helps in protecting the cells
and gamma-Linolein acid. Gamma-Linolein acid is considered to be
beneficial because of its ability to reduce cholesterol and prevent any
heart ailments.
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DXN Products are basically Supplements with miraculous healing property of THE BODY through TRIPLE ACTION:
Removal of Toxins & Toxicity in the Body.
Balancing the Bio-Chemicals and Bio-Electricity in the System.
Providing Vital (Therapeutic) Minerals & Trace Elements to strengthen the Body.
Therefore, DXN Products may be
consumed by ALL Humans-beings: Healthy, Sick as well as Terminal
patients. The TRIPLE-OBJECTIVES of DXN consumption are:
PREVENT diseases in the case of Healthy (and vulnerable to sickness) people.
PROTECT and help Recovery for the Chronic / Terminal Patients.
PRESERVE healthy Functions of the body, Reduce sufferings and Extend life-span
Thus DXN products offer TOTAL and COMPLETE Health Solution to all.
The DXN Products differ from Drugs (Medicines) and Chemicals, in nature and actions.
DXN products are Supplements only.
They may be consumed along with any other line of Medical treatment.
They are used as Coactive / Adjuvant Therapy. No Side Effects.
NO INTERACTION with other lines of treatments & drugs.
No Dosage specificity.
Large volumes of consumption & prolonged usage: SAFE & NON TOXIC.
Based on the scientific studies and
practical experience with patients, by Medical Professionals and
Experts, the following suggestions are furnished.
Did This Help You? If so, I would greatly appreciate it if you commented below and shared on Facebook …
DXN Products are basically Supplements with miraculous healing property of THE BODY through TRIPLE ACTION:
Removal of Toxins & Toxicity in the Body.
Balancing the Bio-Chemicals and Bio-Electricity in the System.
Providing Vital (Therapeutic) Minerals & Trace Elements to strengthen the Body.
Therefore, DXN Products may be
consumed by ALL Humans-beings: Healthy, Sick as well as Terminal
patients. The TRIPLE-OBJECTIVES of DXN consumption are:
PREVENT diseases in the case of Healthy (and vulnerable to sickness) people.
PROTECT and help Recovery for the Chronic / Terminal Patients.
PRESERVE healthy Functions of the body, Reduce sufferings and Extend life-span
Thus DXN products offer TOTAL and COMPLETE Health Solution to all.
The DXN Products differ from Drugs (Medicines) and Chemicals, in nature and actions.
DXN products are Supplements only.
They may be consumed along with any other line of Medical treatment.
They are used as Coactive / Adjuvant Therapy. No Side Effects.
NO INTERACTION with other lines of treatments & drugs.
No Dosage specificity.
Large volumes of consumption & prolonged usage: SAFE & NON TOXIC.
Based on the scientific studies and
practical experience with patients, by Medical Professionals and
Experts, the following suggestions are furnished.
Did This Help You? If so, I would greatly appreciate it if you commented below and shared on Facebook …
